|
 | Television
worldwide |
WAVES
(characteristics, allocated frequency bands, channel,
DAB - Digital Audio Broadcasting) | |
| FRENCH NETWORKS (waves - radio relay systems, satellites, cable) | |
| TELEVISION (band-width, bouquet, camera, numerical compression, decoder, definition, screen, transmitters, home cinema, mac, video tape recorder, multiplexing, pay per view, pixel, péritel, receiver, control, rétroprojection, remote control...) | |
| TELEVISION(... color TV... ) | |
| TELEVISION (... high definition television- TVHD, numerical television, paying television, satellite television, television by ADSL, television by mobile, transmission, tridimensionality, video, videodisk, video transmission, vidéoprojection) | |
| STORY (television, private local stations) | |
| STATISTICS (equipment, information, antennas, cameras, decoders, video tape recorders, television sets) | |
| INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (UER, ASBU, ABU, CBU, CIRTEF, CRPLF, Eureka audio-visual, Eurimages, Eurovision/Euroradio, EVN, Ibero-americano, Media 95, NANBA, European Observatory of audio-visual, URTI, URTNA, television markets) | |
| MAIN AWARDS AND FESTIVALS FOR TELEVISION (Awards from foreign associations) | |
| Television in France |
| 1793 - 1981(ORTF) | |
| 1982 - 2001(Haca, CNCL, CSA) | |
| PUBLIC SERVICES BROADCASTING AND TELEVISION (CSA, TDF, SFP, INA) | |
| STATE COMPANIES (Radio France Internationale -RFI, France Télévisions, France 2...) | |
| STATE COMPANIES (...France 3, France 5, Canal France International - CFI, RFO, Arte, SOFIRAD) | |
| CABLE IN FRANCE (Some dates) | |
| LE CABLE IN FRANCE (Some figures) | |
| EUROPEAN SATELLITES TV (Asiasat 2, Astra, Atlantic Sat, BSB, Eutelsat, Globalstar, Hispasat, HS 601, Intelsat, Kopernikus, Marco Polo, Olympus, TDF, Télécom 1, Télé X, Thor, Tv-Sat 1) | |
| PRIVATE TELEVISIONS (TF1) | |
| PRIVATE TELEVISIONS (Canal +, La Cinq, Canalsat, M6) | |
| LOCAL TELEVISIONS | |
| TV AUDIENCE (Share of audience, duration of listening, investigations of audience, records of audiences) | |
| TV AUDIENCE (Médiamétrie Investigations, share of audience, by kind, age bracket) | |
| TV AUDIENCE (Médiamétrie Investigations - continuation, Associations of televiewers, telephobia associations) | |
| BUDGET (finance law, fiction, right of diffusion, cost of some emissions, investments, royalty, open televisions accounts) | |
| YOUTH RATING (History, categories, committees of visionnage, criteria recommended by the CSA) | |
| MANPOWER (Permanent manpower in the audio-visual, manpower of the chains, number of companies) | |
| TELEVISION ADVERTISING (Audience, forms, legislation, spots diffused, advertising duration, advertising investments, advertising receipts, taxes, volumes, tariffs, TF1, France 2, France 3, Canal +, France 5, M6, international comparisons) | |
| SHOPPING TV (Messageries, television, defense of the consumerr) | WAGES (sporting Consultants - remunerations by events covered in €, wages of the principal organizers) |
| LINKS (Audio-visual: Radio/Television) | |
| LINKS (News and media, TV magazines) | |
| LINKS (Leisure, Television) | |
TV AUDIENCEShares of audience (in %). French Chanels (in 2004). TF1: 31,5; France 2: 20,5; France 3: 15,2; M6: 12,5; Canal+: 3,8; France 5: 3; Arte: 2; others: 11,1. (Source: La Tribune.) Public chains of 4 countries of Europe (in 1997). Spain: 51,8 of which TVE 1: 25,8, 2: 8,6, TV "autonomicas": 17,4. Italy: 48,9 of which SPOKE 1: 23, SPOKE 2: 16,2, SPOKE 3: 9,7. France: 45,4 of which France 2: 24,7, France 3: 17,3, Cinquième/Arte 3,4. GB: 42,8 of which BBC 1: 31,3, BBC 2: 11,5. (Source : Carat Expert.) Duration of average listening. In the world (by day, in 2003): 3. 39. By continent: North America 4. 21 (the USA 4. 25), Europe 3. 33 (Greece 3. 53, Italy 3. 50, GB. 3. 43, France 3. 22), the Asia-Pacific 3. 23 (Japan 4. 29), the Middle East 3. 15, Latin America 3. 14, South Africa (only country of Africa studied) 2 H 59.. (Source : Eurodata TV Worldwide.) In the USA (by week). 1980: 46. 06; 90: 48. 29; 94: 50. 50; 97: 50. 24. Audience average in premium-time of the chains of the USA (1997-98, in %): NBC 10,2, CBS 9,6, ABC 8,4, Fox 7,1, WB 3,1, UPN 2,8. In France (in 2004). The French (4 years and +) looked at television on average 3. 24 min. per J. (2 min. moreover than in 2001), of which (in %) documentary fictions 22,1, magazines and 19,1, television news 15,3, plays 10,6, films 6,4, sport 5,2, varieties 5,2. Publicity represents on average 8,7 % of the listening time. (Source : Médiamétrie.) International comparisons. In % of televiewers looking at the TV: less than 1 H per day: France 13, L. 12, GB. 3; from 1 to 3 a.m.: Fr. 57, All. 62, GB. 38; from 3 to 5 a.m.: Fr. 25, All. 21, GB. 35; from 5 to 6 a.m.: Fr. 3, All. 3, GB. 12; more than 6 H: Fr. 2, All. 2, GB. 12. Nota : A play diffused one Saturday evening is seen by 15 million televiewers in France; it would take 30 years of uninterrupted success in a large Parisian room for touching similar audience; a film of Sunday evening should be diffused 10 years. Leaves the types of programs in the audiences of the "Top Ten" (in %, 2002). Fiction 45,3, entertainments 30,2, information 16,9, sport 7,3, others 0,3. [ Source: Mediametry (study near 72 countries and 600 chains of TV, is 1,4 billion televiewers). Leaves the various types of sports (lasted diffused, 4e quarter 2004). Football 34. 20, auto/moto 29. 06, Rugby 9. 45, veil 5. 10, rallye/raid 4. 28, tennis 3. 18, OJ 3 H, equestrian sports 2. 53, cycling 2. 20. (Source: Mediametry and TNS Sport.) Canal+ spent 1,8 billion € to obtain the televised rights of League 1 of French football between 2005 and 2008. Audience for international events. Funeral to sir Winston Churchill in London (janv. 1965): 350 million. Launching of Apollo 11 towards the Moon (16-7-1969): 528. Recovery of Apollo 13 (17-4-1970): 600. Olympic Games of 1972 and 1976, Jean-Paul II in Ireland (26-9-1979): 1 billion. Marriage of prince Charles and lady Diana (29-7-1981): 750 million in 74 countries. Olympic Games 1984 of Los Angeles: 2,5 billion. Olympic Games of winter 1992 of Albertville: more than 2 billion. INVESTIGATIONS OF AUDIENCEOrigin. 1954 RTF starts investigations. 1958 CESP (Center of studies of the supports of publicity) created. 1964 Service of studies of opinions (SEO) created, within the ORTF. 1975 the SEO becomes the Center of studies of opinions (CEO). 1982 measure electronic introduced. 1985 CEO become Médiamétrie. Definitions. Audience: : numbers or % of people looking at a chain at a given moment; average: over one given duration; cumulated: having looked at at least once an emission given during one day, one week or of any other period. Audiometer: record automatically, except for second, uses the made by each member of the hearth (or of possible guests) of the television sets and video tape recorders (including the video games). Each day, between 3 a.m. and 5 H, the data-processing center calls each audiometer and collects the stored data. Médiamat: permanent study of audience of the television, carried out near a panel (sample) national of 3 150 hearths representative of the households having a television set in their main home, is 8 190 four years old people and more, using an audiometer. Each member of the hearth has his own individual key which it engages to announce his presence in the part where the television set is lit. Leaves market: % of audience of a chain compared to the audience of television. Not audience: to see definition col. B. Holiday makers: entered with a null audience (rule adopted by the other European countries) by Médiamétrie since the summer 1996. Margin of error: from 1 to 2 %. Records of audience (in million). Sport: finale of Super Bowl XXX on NBC 28-1-1996: 138,5, of the Euro 2000 on TF1 2-7-2000: 21,44. Series TV: Alarm With Malibu: 1 100/semaine in 142 countries. Dallas (diffused since 1978, sold with more than 90 countries): 83 in the USA (share of audience: 76 %). Urgencies: 32 (in 1998). | ||||||||
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