Headquarters.   SeeFrance Télévisions. Company of television to vocation metropolitan and regional (law of the 30-9-1986, art. 44-3).

P-DG.  1975 (janv.) Claude Contamine (né 29-8-1929). 1981 (juin) Guy Thomas (1924-92). 1982 (sept.) André Holleaux (né 30-6-1921). 1985 (oct.) Janine Langlois-Glandier (née 16-5-1939). 1986 (déc.) René Han (né 16-8-1930). 1989 (août) Philippe Guilhaume (1942-94) [Pt A2 et FR3]. 1990 (déc.) Hervé Bourges (né 2-5-1933). 1993 (déc.) Jean-Pierre Elkabbach (né 2-9-1937). 1996 (juin) Xavier Gouyou-Beauchamps (né 25-4-1937). 1999 (28-5) Marc Tessier (né 21-12-1946). 2005 (22-8) Patrick de Carolis. Dir. gén.: 1999 (15-11) Rémy Pflimlin (born 17-2-1954). Assistant general manager in load of the project of company: Roger Gicquel (Born 29-5-1938). Dir. of the programs: Bertrand Mosca. Director of the antenna and artistic director: Alain Vautier (Born 28-10-1952).

Headcounts.  2004 : 4 860 permanent of which journalists 1 531.

Key figures 2004 (in million euro). Sales turnover: 1 168,1 of which royalty 780,4, publicity and sponsorship 288,7. Expenditure: cost of the grids of programs 730,6 [ of which programs national 295,5, national information 52,6, sports 55,7, regional grids (information + programs) 326,8 ], other expenditure related to the grid (TDF, Ina...): 147, overheads: 68,6, obligatory taking away (CNC/Companies of authors): 95,9, others: 120,4. Net income: 5,6.

Programming 2004. 21 690 H of which regional antennas 13 597, national antenna 8 093 (magazines + documentary 2 189, youth 1 098, information 1 312, fiction 911, play-entertainments 564, sports 471, others 1 548).

At the hours of great listening, France 3 must respect quotas of diffusion: ·uvres of original expression Fr. 40 %, European 60 %; not more than 192 films/an including 104 between 8 p.m. 30 and 22. 30; no film Wednesdays and Fridays evening (except films of film clubs after 10 p.m. 30), Saturdays, Sundays before 8 p.m. 30. Must reserve times of antenna to emissions devoted to the direct expression of the various families of belief and thought.

Regional antennas. Headquarters (local direction and editions), history, regional manager and, between brackets, budget operational (in million euro, 2004) headcount budgetary permanent (full time equivalent): Alsace: place of Bordeaux, LP 428, 67005 Strasbourg Cedex; 8, street of Justice, 68090 Mulhouse Cedex. 1953 Tele-Strasbourg created. 1975 FR3 created. Dir.: Gerard Scheer (21,16/148,4). Aquitaine: 136, street Ernest-Renan, 33075 Bordeaux Cedex; 51, Marine Alleys, LP 826, 64108 Bayonne Cedex; 45, front. Leon-Blum, 64000 Pau and course St-George, 24000 Périgueux. 1962 center regional TV created. 1983-5-9 FR3 created. Dir.: Yves Gantou (23,05/185,4). Frank-comté Burgundy: front 6, of the Discovery, LP 96, 21003 Dijon Cedex and 8, front of the Water Station, LP 1207, 25004 Besancon. 1965-15-11 FR3 created. Dir.: Jean-Pierre Bennechet (24,65/206), Corsica: AV Christmas-Franchini, 20090 Ajaccio and real Forum of Fango, data base of Fango, 20200 Bastia. 1975 FR3 Provence-Coast of Azure-Corsican created. Dir.: Rene Siacci (19,96/158,8). The Limousin Poitou-Charentes: 1, front. Marconi, 87060 Limoges Cedex; street of the Stronghold of the Rises, ZUP of Couronneries, 86034 Poitiers Cedex; 41, front. Michel-Crépeau, 17000 La Rochelle and 18, street Marcelin-Rock, 19100 Brive. 1965 Center activities televised in Limoges, 1966 Poitiers. 1983-5-9: 1st diffusion FR3. Dir.: Gilles Cozanet (25,53/224,3). Lorraine Champagne-Ardenne: 14, street of Mirecourt, CS 4233, 54042 Nancy Cedex; street of Dr. Jankel-Segal, LP 1037, 51687 Rheims Cedex 2 and 2/4, street Lafayette, 57000 Metz. 1963: 1st emissions of television news. 1965 center television news in Rheims. 1975 FR3 created. 1983-5-9 progr. reg. diffused 17 h-19 H 55. Dir.: Gerard Decq (26,73/232,6). The Mediterranean: 2, Ray-Grassi Alley, 13271 Marseilles Cedex 08; 96, Canebière, 13001 Marseilles; front 159, of the Pylon, Brague, 06608 Antibes Cedex; 43, data base of the Rosery, St-Jean-of-VAr, LP 3002, 83059 Toulon Cedex; 8, front. Felix-Faure, 06000 Nice. 1954: 1st emissions. 1972: 3e Chain ORTF Marseilles Created. 1975 FR3 created. 1983-5-9 progr. reg. diffused 17 h-19 H 55. Dir.: Gilles Vaubourg (33,84/259,2). North-Not-of-Calais Picardy: 36, data base of Freedom, 59024 Lille Cedex; 35, street Gambetta, 59130 Lambersart; 25, street Roger-Martin-of-Gard, 80084 Amiens Cedex 2; 25, street Victor-Hugo, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer. 1939: 1st emission TV by way of demonstration. 1950 Tele-Lille emits since the belfry. 1973: 3e launched chain. 1983-5-9 progr. reg. diffused 17 h-19 H 55. Dir.: Jean-Marc Dubois (30,7/250,8). Normandy: 77, pl. of the Cotton plants, 76173 Rouen Cedex 1; 41, street Fred-Scamaroni, LP 6000, 14067 Caen Cedex 4 and 182, George-V quay, 76086 Cedex Le Havre. 1964 Center television news in Rouen; 1966 in Caen. 1983-5-9 progr. reg. diffused 17 h-19 H 55. Dir.: Martine Viglione (24,02/199,4). West: 9, front. January, CS 44015, 35040 Rennes Cedex; 2, street Gaëtan-rondo, Beaulieu island, LP 30109, 44201 Nantes Cedex 2; 26, street Gougeard, 72017 Mans Cedex and street Frederic-The-Guyader, 29287 Brest Cedex. 1964: 1st television news in Rennes, then in Nantes. 1971: 1st emission in Breton language. 1983-5-9 progr. reg. diffused 17 h-19 H 55. Dir.: Jimmy Jonquard (31,97/240,7). Paris-Island-of-France Centers: 66, street Jean-Bleuzen, 92170 Vanves; 2, pl. Anatole-France, 45060 Orleans Cedex; 6, pl. Gaston-Pailhou, LP 3201, 37032 Turns Cedex 1 and airport zone, pl. Marcel-Dassault, 36130 Déols. 1965 regional offices of information (BIS) created. 1969 regional direction Paris-Normandy-Center created. 1983 Normandy area created. -5-9 progr. reg. diffused 17 h-19 H 55. Dir.: Patrick Visonneau (33,08/277,1). The Rhone-Alps Auvergne: 14, street of the Cuirassiers, LP 3092, 69399 Lyon Cedex 3; front from Large-Fine sand, 38706 the Cedex Mug; front 137, of Royat, 63407 Chamalières and 5, street Nicolas-Chair, 42100 St-Étienne. 1939: 1st Experimental Emissions In Lyon, 1954 TV Presents In Lyon. 1975 FR3 created. 1983-5-9 progr. reg. diffused 17 h-19 H 55. Dir.: Patrick Darroze (37,25/305,1). South: way of Cépière, 31081 Toulouse Cedex; 10, John-Napier Alley, 34063 Montpellier Cedex 2; Thalassa building, street of Rome-Bourran, 12000 Rodez; 30, street of Alembert, plate St-Antoine, 81000 Albi; building Colisée, 1, street of Colisée, 30000 Nimes and 2, front. Alfred-Sauvy, 66100 Perpignan Cedex. 1972 center TV created. 1983-5-9 progr. reg. diffused 17 h-19 H 55. Dir.: Jerome Cathala (33,34/279).

Headquarters. 8, street Marceau, 92785 Issy-les-Moulineaux Cedex 9.

History. 1994-1-2 will be devoted "to the knowledge, the formation and employment". -1-12 creation of a GIE with Sept/Arte, with revolving presidency (6 months); of a committee of orientation of the programs, 21 members named for 3 years. -13-12 launching with 6 p.m.. -14-12: 1st diffusion, of 7 H with 19 H, on the 5e radio relay system shared with Arte (19 h-3 H). 1995-21-1 statutes and book of the missions and the public offices with the Official Journal. -3-11 emits, on the cable in Paris and in Paris area, of 19 H with 12 midnight, on channel 21 (retransmitting, in the course of the day, the debates of the French National Assembly). -15-11 diffusion by Eutelsat II-F1. -16-12 launching of the 1st operation of "remote loading". 1996 creation of the Bank of programs and services. principle 1997-April of fusion with acquired Arte. 1998 1st diffusion, of 6 H with 12 midnight; -31-1 on numerical CanalSatellite (Channel 45) and -16-2 on TPS (Channel 5). 2000-1-8 law Trautmann creates group France Televisions. 2002-7-1 the Fifth becomes France 5.

Organization. Authorized capital: 100 million F of which (in %) State 83, France Televisions 5, Seven 5, Ina 5, Library of France and Meeting of the national museums 1. General manager. 1994 (5-4) Jean-Marie Cavada (Born 24-2-1940; 10-4-1997 will resign); 1997 (11-4) Jerome Clement (born 18-5-1945); 2000 (31-8) Jean-Pierre Cottet (Born 12-3-1946); 2004 (28-1) Daniel Goudineau (born April 1949). Director gén. associated in load of the strategy of the antennas: Genevieve Giard. Dir. antenna and programs: Alexandre Michelin. Secr. gén.: Kim Pham. Manpower (to the 31-12-2004). 219. Budget (in million F). 1995: 755; 96: 800,7; 97: 731,3; 98: 781; 99: 803,6; (in million ·): 2004: 176,5. Resources of operation (1999): 743,6 of which royalty 714,5, publicity 19,3, sponsorship 2,6, other own resources 3,7, produced financial 3,5. Administrative expenditures (in 1999): purchases of programs 569,4 (of which production TV 377,9, cinema 9,1, others 41,6), payments with the account of support 41,1, the co.s of authors 41,9, other expenditure related to programs 57,8; diffusion 138,9; taxes 7,9, general operation and common services 57,4. Results: 1996: 7,8; 98: - 18,6. Sales turnover: 2001: 135,7 million euro; 03: 163,3 of which publicity 8.

Diffusion (in 1998): radio relay system: 4 790 H of programs (including documentary 2 825 H), on satellite (19 H with 12 midnight): 1 653 H. Audience (in %; source: Mediametry): 1995: 3,5; 2001: 4,7; 02: 5,1 (Dec. 6,2); 03: 4,7 [ see p. 1144 a].

Headquarters. 19, street Cognacq-Jay, 75007 Paris.

Chairman. Jean-Jacques Aillagon. Dir. gén.: Jean Mino. Created 1989 by the min. of the Co-operation and the Development. CFI places at the disposal nearly 6 000 H of programs per annum for a hundred televisions in 80 countries, in Africa (Eutelsat Atlantic Bird 3), the Middle East (Hot Bird 3), Asia and Oceania (Intelsat 704), Central and Eastern Europe (Hot Bird 3). Drank: to help with the emergence and the economic development of the local audio-visual media. Budget: 2005: 20 million · allocated by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs.

Headquarters. 35-37, street Danton, 92200 Malakoff.

Origin. 1930 the Council of Ministers decides to install a transmitter of short waves to the service of a station of State diffusing of the programs for the colonies. 1931-1-5 startup for the inauguration of the colonial Exposure. 1945 the RDF (see p. 1129 c) deals with the installations of the DOM (Guadeloupe, Guyana, Martinique, Réunion). 1954-14-9 service of the Broadcasting of France of created overseas. 1955-20-1 co. of broadcasting of France of overseas (Sorafom) created. 1964-14-4 become radiophonic Office of co-operation (Ocora). 1975 entrusted to FR3. FR3 DOM-TOM diffuses a radio operator program of 6 a.m. to 24 h. 1982-sept. Co. of broadcasting and television for Overseas (RFO) created (national co. of program) by decree of the 17-9. 1998-15-9 become Réseau France overseas. 1999-1-1 RFO 1 becomes Télé Martinique, Réunion or Guadeloupe (according to the Headquarterse) and RFO 2, Tempo. 2004 RFO become a subsidiary company of France Televisions. Authorized capital: prisoner by the State since 11-4-1988. Pt. 1983 Rene Maheu (born 24-6-1926). 1985 (Nov..) Jacques Vistel (Born 20-1-1940). 1986 (2-12) Jean-Claude Michaud (Born 28-10-1933). 1989 (28-3) François Gicquel (born 29-4-1938; the 15-2-1994 will resign after having obtained that RFO does not pass under the authority of France Televisions). 1994 (18-2) Gerard Belorgey (born 27-11-1933). 1997 (June) Jean-Marie Cavada (born 24-2-1940). 1998 (Nov..) Andre-Michel Besse (born 11-9-1944). 2004 Marc Tessier (Born 21-12-1946).

Manpower (in 2004). 1 500 permanent. There is TV legal competitors in the DOM-TOM, of the TV private distribute in Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyana and Réunion: to see p. 1143 a. TV and Radio. 9 stations overseas: Guyana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, St-Pierre-and-Miquelon, the Meeting, Mayotte, Nlle-Calédonie, Wallis-and-Futuna and French Polynesia; 1 establishment in Paris. Clean production and programs: 6 000 H per annum of which information 3 000 H (provided by 460 journalists). AITV (see below) produced each day of bilingual monitorings of information for CFI. Networks. Wallis-and-Futuna and Mayotte, 1 radio operator program (Radio operator Country) and TV (Tele Country). Elsewhere, 2 radio operator networks (Radio operator Country and France Inter), diffusing a local and specific program to each station, and 2 networks TV: Tele Country (programs France 2, France 3, local production) and Tempo (begun again programs of France 2, France 3, France 5, Arte) sent of Paris by satellite Telecom 2A or, for Peaceful zone, by Intelsat. Potential listeners: 2 million. More than 80 % of the programming provided by France 2, France 3, France 5, Arte and some programs of TF1. Since the 29-10-1998, the station of Wallis-and-Futuna functions in an autonomous way. TV by satellite: France Ô (EPD. 25-2-2005); ex-RFO Sat launched March 1998 diffuses 24 h/24 on CanalSatellite, TPS, Numericâble, Noos and the cable (is island of France) a program made up of the productions specific to RFO (9 stations + Paris). Television. 20 H of daily programs diffused by each the 9 TVS Country and Radio Country; 18 studios, 20 controls, 8 bus and 1 center of diffusion (technical center of Malakoff). Budget (in million euro): 2001: 219; 02: 222; 03: 222. Resources (in 2002): royalty 90 %. Result: 1997: + 1,1; 98: - 33 (- 8 according to Management); 99: - 64; (in million ·): 2001 - 4,6; 02: - 3,5. Ministerial measurements of the 11-1-1996 removed publicity on Tempo, reduced the free access of RFO to the images of TF1 and aligned radio publicity on that of Radio France. International agency of televised images (AITV). Created March 1986. Constitute a drafting of RFO exclusively turned towards the foreigner. Diffused by CFI and TV5. Budget (in million F, 1998): 14,8. Clean production (in 1997): 8 425 subjects and 82 magazines 1. Diffusion: daily: 5 editions of 10 min: The Middle East (in French), international (towards Africa, in English and French), Special Africa (in French and English). Weekly magazine: 1 edition of 26 min (French-speaking Africa) and 1 of 10 min (the Middle East). Recipients: services by satellite. 60 countries.

Foot-note: (1) In 1997, AITV also diffused 475 subjects carried out by the national drafting of RFO.

European company of programs of television.

History. 1985 idea of Pierre Desgraupes (18-12-1918/16-8-1993), charged by George Fillioud with imagining programs for satellites TDF 1 and 2. 1986-27-2 creation of the Seven (co. of edition and programming of television), anonymous co.. 1988-Oct. launching of TDF 1 which must retransmit the images of the Seven in Europe but it undergoes various breakdowns and the material of reception (parabolic aerial, demodulator) is too expensive and technically imperfect. 1989-March the Seven becomes the European co. of programs of television. - April the SCA authorizes it to use a channel of TDF 1. -14-5 diffusion by sat. - May agreements made with the cabled networks: 3. 30 of émissions/jour repeated 2 times. 1990-4-2 FR3 yields the antenna to Seven every saturday of 15 H with 0 H. -2-10 ratification of the Franco-German treaty for the creation of Arte (Association relating to European televisions). 199113-3 creation of the German pole of coordination "Arte Deutschland TV GMBH". -30-4 creation of the European Grouping of economic interest (GEIE) in Strasbourg. 1992-12-4 end of the emissions of the Five. -23-4 the State preempts the network to install Arte starting from 7 p.m. as of Sept.; invitation to tender launched for former programs: potential candidates. Seven, TV 1992 (chain set of themes of continuing education suggested by Jean-François Minne, Pt of Cactus Communication), Channel 33 (of the European Public Service Union of the audio-visual producers, chaired by Jacques Peskine; projects of chain of information uninterrupted (on the initiative of TF1, Canal+, M6), Cinq+ (of the Association of defense of the Five, Pt: Jean-Claude Bourret, 1 400 000 members, chains whose televiewers would be the principal owners). -30-5: 1st emissions of Arte diffused in France and Germany by satellite TDF 1-2 and DFS 1-Kopernikus and on the cable. -28-9 launching of Arte in France on the 5e terrestrial radio relay system supplied with the satellite Telecom 2B. 1993-4-2 the RTBF (Belgian Radio-television of the French Community) becomes associate member with Arte GEIE. -27-9 the Seven becomes the Seven Arte. 1994-31-12 Arte is diffused on Astra 1D. 1995-1-1 ORB (Potsdam) and MDR (Leipzig), members of the ARD since the 13-3-1991, join Arte Deutschland TV GMBH. -6-7 Arte is diffused on Eutelsat 2F1. 1997 joined the CanalSatellite bouquet. 70 million economies is imposed on the title of programmed fusion. 2000-1-8 the Seven Arte becomes Arte France and remains independent (the Fifth joined France Televisions). 2001-1-1 TVP (Telewizjà Polska) becomes associate member with Arte GEIE. -21-3 ORF (Östereischicher Rundfunk) associate member with Arte GEIE. -8-10 Arte and BBC4: agreements of coproduction (10 emissions). 2002-20-6 Arte and SVT (Sveriges Television): agreements of coproduction. -1-10 Arte is diffused in analogical standard on Astra 1C. 2003-28-4 new head office of Arte GEIE close to the European Parliament of Strasbourg. 2005-31-3 Arte diffused 24 h/24 in France by the TNT. Cooperation agreements of Arte GEIE: 1995-6-7 with SSR (Swiss co. of broadcasting and television). -12-7 TVE (TELEVISIÓN ESPAÑOLA SA). 1996-2-12 TVP (Telewizjà Polska). 1998-15-1 ORF (Östereischicher Rundfunk). 1999-3-2 YLE/TV1 (Finish Broadcasting Co). 2001-12-2 NPS (Nederlandse Programmed Stichting). Headquarters. Arte GEIE: 4, quay of Chamoine-Winterer, LP 20035, 67080 Strasbourg Cedex; Arte France: 8, street Marceau, 92785 Issy-les-Moulineaux Cedex 9; Arte Deutschland TV GMBH: Postfacth 100213, D-76483 Baden-Baden, Germany.

Organization. Arte: GEIE held by (in %): Arte France 50 (of which Ina 15, Radio France 15, France Televisions 45, State 25), Arte Deutschland TV GMBH 50 (of which ZDF 50, ARD 50). Since the launching of Arte, the 30-5-1992, Arte France became the French pole of the GEIE and co. of edition of programs (and either diffuser). Direction. Pt of the committee of management of Arte GEIE: 1991-April Jerome Clement (born 18-5-1945); 1999-1-1 Jobst Plog (Born 26-2-1941). 2003-1-1 Jerome Clement. Vice-Pt: Gottfried Langenstein (Born 1954). Dir. of the programs: Christoph Hauser (since 1-1-2005). Dir. management: Victor Rocaries (since 1-1-2005). Consultative Committee of the programs: 16 representatives of the cultural life of the 2 countries.

Manpower (permanent, 2004). 625 (Arte GEIE, Arte France and Arte Deutschland). Budget (in million ·). 2001: 311,1; 02: 325,1; 03: 356,9; 04: 350; 05: 352,6 of which programs 235,7 (Théma 30,8, cinema 31,1, documentary-magazines 79,4, fictions 31,5, spectacles 19,3, 2e version linguistics 14,4, information 16,7, others 12,5), operation 88,1, diffusion 28,8.

Diffusion. Towards 80 million hearths. By terrestrial radio relay system: 5e network France (88 % of the hearths): 19 H to 3 h. TNT: since March 31, 2005 per 35 % of the population (in the long term 85 %). Satellite: in French: Atlantic Bird (in Secam), Hotbird (numerically, light 24 h/24 H), Astra (numerically in light 24 h/24 H), ADSL in light 24 h/24 H for 500 000 hearths. In German, Stake: Astra 1D. Cabled: Germany, Belgium, Denmark, France, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria. Windows of Arte programs on other chains: SPOKE Sat Premium (Italy), TVR (Romania), TVE (Spain), IBA (Israel). Cooperation agreements with 13 chains of national television in Central and Eastern Europe and Asia including/understanding the supply of around fifty of hours of programs doubled per annum by the chains partners.

Audience. Potential: at the end of 2004: + of 75 million hearths (160 million télespectateurs) of which France 22; Germany 35; Belgium 3,8; Switzerland 2,6; P.-Low 2,5; Austria 2,15; Poland 0,44; Finland 0,08. Real (in million televiewers): goes down for hearing cumulated in 2004 (televiewers looking at minimum Arte 1 fois/sem during more than 15 min): France 10,6; Germany 3,5; Belgium 1,5; Switzerland 1,45; Austria 1,3. Source: Mediametry (France) - GFK (Germany) - Ipsos Great Britain (other countries).

Origin. 1942-11-7 financial co. of broadcasting (Sofira) created by Pierre Laval (SA with the capital of 20 then 40 million AF. Pt: Gal Denain). 1943 the State (Vichy) repurchases 79 967 actions and becomes owner of Sofira which has actions of Radio-Imperial (in Tangier) yielded by Charles Michelson to France, and 50 % of the capital of Radio Assemble-Carlo repurchased in Ofepar. 1945 is transformed into Sofirad. Recover actions German and Italian Radio Assembles-Carlo (control more than 80 %). 1945 to 1958 finances Andorra-Radio which will become South-Radio. 1956 create Lebanese Co of tele. 1959 repurchase 35,76 % of Europe 1 per 13 million F with 46,85 % of the voices. 1960 sell 600 000 F Tele 60 (ex-Radio 44 which will become Télé 7 days) to Jean Prouvost. 1977 manage participations of the French State in the private stations of radio and TV in France and abroad. 1986-3-4 in Hachette its participation in Europe 1 (34,19 %) sells. 1987 disengagement of the radio operator activities of the competing sector, redeployment towards international co-operation. 1987-9-10 yield South-Radio Services to the group Pierre Fabre SA for 36 015 483 F. 1988 creation of CFI. 1989 participation in the creation of Radio operator Paris Lisbon and, with TF1 and Vidéotron, of 2M International, 1990 of Europa More, 1991 with Channel +, of Channel Horizons, 1993 of International MCA. 1996 yield Somera and Radio Paris Lisbon. 1997 create the bouquet of television Sat. 1998-18-3 yield RMC for 110 million F. 1999 yield its participation in TV5. 2000 yield Technisonor. 2001-9-4 setting in liquidation, transfer of MCR, Europa-Plus, Channel Horizons, 2002 of TMC, Eurafripub, 2003 of CFI and Sat.